Mukugadzira, kurongeka chikamu chakakosha.Mhedzisiro yegadziriro ichakanganisa zvakananga mhedzisiro ye wiring, saka iwe unogona kufunga nezvazvo nenzira iyi, inonzwisisika marongerwo ndiyo danho rekutanga mukubudirira kwePCB dhizaini.
Kunyanya, pre-layout ndiyo nzira yekufunga nezve bhodhi rose, kuyerera kwechiratidzo, kupisa kupisa, chimiro uye mamwe mavakirwo.Kana iyo pre-layout iri kutadza, iyo gare gare yakawanda kuedza zvakare hakuna maturo.
1. Funga nezvese
Kubudirira kwechigadzirwa kana kwete, imwe ndeyekutarisa mukati mehutano hwemukati, chechipiri ndechekufunga nezvese aesthetics, zvose zviri zviviri zvakakwana kufunga kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakabudirira.
PaPCB board, marongerwo ezvikamu zvinodiwa kuti zvive pakati nepakati, zvishoma uye zvakarongeka, kwete pamusoro-inorema kana musoro unorema.
Ko PCB icharemara here?
Ko ma process edges akachengetwa here?
Makoinzi e MARK akachengetwa here?
Zvakakosha here kubatanidza bhodhi?
Mangani akaturikidzana ebhodhi, anogona kuve nechokwadi chekutonga kwe impedance, chiratidzo chekudzivirira, chiratidzo chekuvimbika, hupfumi, kubudirira?
2. Usasanganisa zvikanganiso zvakaderera
Saizi yebhodhi yakadhindwa inopindirana nehukuru hwekudhirowa here?Inogona kusangana nePCB yekugadzira maitiro zvinodiwa?Pane chiratidzo chekumisikidza here?
Zvikamu zviri zviviri-dimensional, matatu-dimensional nzvimbo hapana kupokana?
Iko kurongeka kwezvikamu zvakarongeka uye zvakarongwa zvakanaka here?Mucheka wese wapera here?
Zvikamu zvinoda kutsiviwa kazhinji kazhinji zvinogona kutsiviwa zviri nyore here?Zviri nyore here kuisa bhodhi rekuisa mumidziyo?
Pane chinhambwe chakakodzera pakati pechinhu chinopisa uye chinopisa chinhu?
Zviri nyore here kugadzirisa zvinogadziriswa zvikamu?
Chigero chekupisa chakaiswa panodiwa kupisa kupisa?Mhepo iri kufamba zvakanaka here?
Iko kuyerera kwechiratidzo kwakatsetseka uye kupfupika kwekubatanidza?
Mapulagi, zvigadziko, nezvimwewo zvinopokana nekugadzirwa kwemichina here?
Dambudziko rekupindira kwemutsara rinotariswa here?
3. Bypass kana decoupling capacitor
Mune wiring, analog uye madivayiri edhijitari anoda aya marudzi emacapacitor, anoda kuve padyo nemapini avo emagetsi akabatana nebypass capacitor, iyo capacitance value inowanzo 0.1μF. mapini mapfupi sezvinobvira kuderedza inductive kushorwa kweiyo alignment, uye sepedyo sezvinobvira kune mudziyo.
Kuwedzera bypass kana decoupling capacitors kubhodhi, uye kuiswa kweaya capacitor pabhodhi, ruzivo rwekutanga kune ese madhijitari uye analogi madhizaini, asi mabasa avo akasiyana.Bypass capacitors anowanzo shandiswa muanalog wiring dhizaini yekunzvenga yakakwira-frequency masiginecha kubva kumagetsi emagetsi ayo anogona neimwe nzira achipinda anonzwisa analog machipisi kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi mapini.Kazhinji, kuwanda kweaya masaini akakwira-frequency anodarika kugona kweanalog mudziyo kuadzvanyirira.Kana bypass capacitor isingashandiswe mumaseketi eanalog, ruzha uye, mune zvakanyanya kuomarara, vibration inogona kuunzwa munzira yechiratidzo.Kune madivayiri edhijitari akadai sevatongi uye processors, decoupling capacitors inodiwa zvakare, asi nezvikonzero zvakasiyana.Rimwe basa reaya ma capacitor nderekuita se "miniature" yekuchaja bhangi, nekuti mumaseketi edhijitari, kuita gedhi state switching (kureva, switching) kazhinji kunoda huwandu hukuru hwemazuva ano, uye kana kushandura madiki anogadzirwa pane chip uye kuyerera. kuburikidza nebhodhi, zvakanakira kuve neichi chekuwedzera "spare" charge.” kuchaja kunobatsira.Kana pasina mari yakakwana yekuita shanduko yekuchinja, inogona kukonzera shanduko huru mumagetsi ekupa.Kunyanya kushanduka kwemagetsi kunogona kukonzera kuti dhijitari yedhijitari nhanho kuti iende munzvimbo isingazivikanwe uye inogona kukonzera muchina wehurumende mudhijitari kuti ushande zvisizvo.Iko kuchinja ikozvino kuyerera kuburikidza nebhodhi kurongeka kuchaita kuti voltage ichinje, nekuda kweparasitic inductance yekumisikidzwa kwebhodhi, shanduko yemagetsi inogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa inotevera formula: V = Ldl/dt uko V = shanduko mumagetsi L = bhodhi. alignment inductance dI = shanduko mune ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nekugadzirisa dt = nguva yekuchinja ikozvino Saka, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, magetsi emagetsi pamagetsi emagetsi kana midziyo inoshandiswa pamapini emagetsi anoshandiswa Bypass (kana decoupling) capacitors itsika yakanaka kwazvo. .
Simba rekuisa simba, kana ikozvino yakakura, inokurudzirwa kuderedza kureba uye nzvimbo yekurongeka, usamhanya mumunda wose.
Ruzha rwekuchinja pane inopinza yakabatana nendege yekubuda kwemagetsi.Ruzha rwekuchinja kweMOS chubhu yemagetsi anobuda inokanganisa magetsi ekuisa enzvimbo yekumberi.
Kana pane nhamba huru yeDCDC yepamusoro ikozvino pabhodhi, kune mafrequency akasiyana, high current uye high voltage jump interference.
Saka isu tinofanirwa kudzikisa nzvimbo yemagetsi ekupinza kuti asangane ne-izvino pairi.Saka kana magadzirirwo emagetsi, funga kudzivirira kupinza simba rakazara bhodhi run.
4. Mitsetse yemagetsi uye pasi
Mitsetse yemagetsi uye mitsara yepasi yakamisikidzwa kuti ienderane, inogona kuderedza mukana wekukanganiswa kwemagetsi (EMl).Kana simba uye mitsara yepasi isingakwane zvakanaka, iyo system loop ichagadzirwa, uye inogona kuita ruzha.Muenzaniso weiyo isina kufanira mated simba uye pasi PCB dhizaini inoratidzwa mumufananidzo.Mubhodhi iri, shandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzemachira emagetsi uye pasi, nekuda kwekusakwana uku, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvebhodhi nemitsara nemagetsi emagetsi (EMI) zvinowanzoitika.
5. Digital-analog kupatsanurwa
Mune imwe neimwe PCB dhizaini, iyo ruzha chikamu chedunhu uye "chinyararire" chikamu (chisiri-ruzha chikamu) chinofanira kuparadzaniswa.Kazhinji, dhijitari redunhu rinogona kushivirira kukanganiswa kweruzha, uye kusinganzwisisi ruzha (nokuti dhijitari redhijitari ine yakakura voltage ruzha kushivirira);pane zvinopesana, iyo analogi yedunhu voltage ruzha kushivirira idiki kwazvo.Pakati peaya maviri, analogi masekete ndiwo anonyanya kunzwisiswa nekuchinja ruzha.Mune wiring yakasanganiswa-chiratidzo masisitimu, aya marudzi maviri emasekete anofanira kuparadzaniswa.
Izvo zvekutanga zvedunhu bhodhi wiring zvinoshanda kune ese analogi uye dijitari maseketi.Mutemo wekutanga wegunwe kushandisa ndege yepasi isina kukanganiswa.Uyu mutemo wekutanga unoderedza iyo dI/dt (ikozvino ichipesana nenguva) mhedzisiro mumaseketi edhijitari nekuti iyo dI/dt mhedzisiro inokonzeresa kugona kwepasi uye inobvumira ruzha kupinda munharaunda yeanalogi.Wiring matekiniki edhijitari uye analog maseketi akafanana, kunze kwechinhu chimwe chete.Chimwe chinhu chekuchengeta mupfungwa kune analog maseketi kuchengetedza mitsara yedhijitari mitsetse uye zvishwe mundege yepasi kure kure nedunhu reanalogi sezvinobvira.Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekubatanidza iyo analogi yepasi ndege yakaparadzana kune system system yekubatanidza, kana nekuisa analogi yedunhu kumucheto kwebhodhi, kumagumo emutsara.Izvi zvinoitirwa kuchengetedza kupindira kwekunze kune nzira yechiratidzo kusvika kushoma.Izvi hazvidiwi kumatunhu edhijitari, anogona kushivirira huwandu hukuru hweruzha pasi pasi pasina matambudziko.
6. Kufunga kwekupisa
Muchigadziro chekugadzirisa, chido chekufunga nezvekupisa kupisa mhepo ducts, kupisa kupisa kupera kwakafa.
Zvishandiso zvinodzivirira kupisa hazvifanirwe kuiswa kuseri kwemhepo inopisa.Ipa pamberi pekurongeka kweimba yakaoma kudaro yekupisa kupisa seDDR.Dzivisa kudzokororwa kudzokororwa nekuda kwekufananidza kwekupisa hakupfuuri.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-30-2022